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Category: Diskstuff

| February 28, 2022

How to Deploy LVM’s with Ansible

Provisioning-LVM-Filesystems:

This role is designed to use ansible-merge-vars module. An Ansible plugin to merge all variables in context with a certain suffix (lists or dicts only) and create a new variable that contains the result of this merge. This is an Ansible action plugin, which is basically an Ansible module that runs on the machine running Ansible rather than on the host that Ansible is provisioning.

Benefits: Configuring disks into LVM

• Adds Physical Disk to Volume to Volume Group
• Creates Logical Volume assigned to Volume Group
• Creates the size of the disk to full or whatever you wish to set
• It will format the LVM to whatever file format you wish
• It will then create the mount point and mount the lvm
• It will also add the lvm to fstab upon mounting

Note: This post assumes you have already ansible installed and running.

Install ansible-merge-vars module:

1.       root@KVM-test-box:~# pip install ansible_merge_vars
          Requirement already satisfied: ansible_merge_vars in
          /usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages (5.0.0)

2.Create an action_plugins directory in the directory in which you run Ansible.

By default, Ansible will look for action plugins in an action_plugins folder adjacent to the running playbook. For more information on this, or to change the location where ansible looks for action plugin.

 

3.Create a file called merge_vars.py (or whatever name you picked) in the action_plugins directory, with one line:

  from ansible_merge_vars import ActionModule

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4.Save the file

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Role Setup:

Once the plugin has been setup, you now you will want to setup a role.

1.Move inside the ansible/roles directory
a.cd ansible/roles/
2.Create a directory for the role provision-fs
b.mkdir -p provision-fs/tasks
3.Move inside the tasks directory
c.cd ansible/roles/provision-fs/tasks

Now we will create a task that will merge variable names associated with a list and then itemise the list for variables we will pass to provision the filesystem via the inventory/host_var or group_var

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4.Create a file called main.yml inside provision-fs/tasks/main.yml

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– name: Merge VG variables

  merge_vars:

    suffix_to_merge: vgs__to_merge

    merged_var_name: merged_vgs

    expected_type: ‘list’

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– name: Merge LV variables

  merge_vars:

    suffix_to_merge: lvs__to_merge

    merged_var_name: merged_lvs

    expected_type: ‘list’

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– name: Merge FS variables

  merge_vars:

    suffix_to_merge: fs__to_merge

    merged_var_name: merged_fs

    expected_type: ‘list’

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– name: Merge MOUNT variables

  merge_vars:

    suffix_to_merge: mnt__to_merge

    merged_var_name: merged_mnt

    expected_type: ‘list’

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– name: Create VGs

  lvg:

    vg: “{{ item.vg }}”

    pvs: “{{ item.pvs }}”

  with_items: “{{ merged_vgs }}”

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– name: Create LVs

  lvol:

    vg: “{{ item.vg }}”

    lv: “{{ item.lv }}”

    size: “{{ item.size }}”

    pvs: “{{ item.pvs | default(omit) }}”

    shrink: no

  with_items: “{{ merged_lvs }}”

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– name: Create FSs

  filesystem:

    dev: “{{ item.dev }}”

    fstype: “{{ item.fstype }}”

  with_items: “{{ merged_fs }}”

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– name: Mount FSs

  mount:

    path: “{{ item.path }}”

    src: “{{ item.src }}”

    state: mounted

    fstype: “{{ item.fstype }}”

    opts: “{{ item.opts | default(‘defaults’) }}”

    dump: “{{ item.dump | default(‘1’) }}”

    passno: “{{ item.passno | default(‘2’) }}”

  with_items: “{{ merged_mnt }}”

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5.Save the file

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Note: Now this currently task has no safe guards for /dev/sda or checks to ensure the disk is wiped properly in order for the disks to be added to the volume group. I have created such safe guards for others. But for the purposes of this blog post this is basics. If you want to my help you can contact me via email or the ticketing system.

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Now what we are going to do is define our inventory file with what file lvm we want to crave out.

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Setup inventory:
1.Go inside your inventory/host_var or group_var file and create a file for testserver1

  • .nano inventory/host_var/testserver1
vgs__to_merge:
  – vg: vg_vmguest
    pvs: /dev/sdb
  – vg: vg_sl_storage
    pvs: /dev/sdc
lvs__to_merge:
  – vg: vg_vmguest
    lv: lv_vg_vmguest
    size: 100%FREE
    shrink: no
  – vg: vg_sl_storage
    lv: lv_vg_sl_storage
    size: 100%FREE
    shrink: no
fs__to_merge:
  – dev: /dev/vg_vmguest/lv_vg_vmguest
    fstype: ext4
  – dev: /dev/vg_sl_storage/lv_vg_sl_storage
    fstype: ext4
mnt__to_merge:
  – path: /vmguests
    src: /dev/vg_vmguest/lv_vg_vmguest
    fstype: ext4
  – path: /sl_storage
    src: /dev/vg_sl_storage/lv_vg_sl_storage
    fstype: ext4

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2. save the file.

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Definitions of the variables above:

vgs__to_merge: This section is the creation volume/physical groups

  – vg: vg_vmguest (this is the volume group name)

    pvs: /dev/sdb (this is the physical assigned to the above volume group

  – vg: vg_sl_storage (This the second volume name)

    pvs: /dev/sdc (This is the second physical disk assigned to the above

volume
*You can add as many as you like*

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lvs__to_merge: This section is the logical Volume creations

  – vg: vg_vmguest (this is the volume group created)

    lv: lv_vg_vmguest (this is the logical volume that is attached to above vg

    size: 100%FREE (this says please use the whole disk)

    shrink: no (this is needed to so the disk space is used correctly)

  – vg: vg_sl_storage (this is the second volume created)

    lv: lv_vg_sl_storage (this is the second lvm created attached to above vg)

    size: 100%FREE (this is use the whole disk)

    shrink: no (this is needed so the disk space is properly used)

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fs__to_merge: This section formats the lvm

  – dev: /dev/vg_vmguest/lv_vg_vmguest (lvm name)

    fstype: ext4 (file system you want to format with)

  – dev: /dev/vg_sl_storage/lv_vg_sl_storage (2nd lvm name)

    fstype: ext4 (file system you want to format with)

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mnt__to_merge: This section will create the path,mount, and add to fstab

  – path: /vmguests (path you want created for mount)

    src: /dev/vg_vmguest/lv_vg_vmguest (lvm you want to mount)

    fstype: ext4 (this is for fstab adding)

  – path: /sl_storage (this is second path to create)

    src: /dev/vg_sl_storage/lv_vg_sl_storage (second lvm you want to mount)

    fstype: ext4 (to add to fstab)

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Running your playbook:

1.Go inside your ansible home directory

cd ansible/

2.Create a file called justdofs.yml and save it

Example: of justdofs.yml

– hosts: all

  gather_facts: yes

  any_errors_fatal: true

  roles:

    – role: provision-fs

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3.Ensure the testervernick1 is listed under inventory/hosts
a.Testservernick1 ansible_host=192.168.80.200

Command:

ansible/$ ansible-playbook -i inventory/hosts justdofs.yml -u root -k –limit=’testservernick1′

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Example of successful play:

ntailor@test-box:~/ansible/computelab$ ansible-playbook –i inventory/hosts justdofs.yml -u root -k –limit=’testservernick1‘

SSH password:

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PLAY [all] *******************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************

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TASK [provision-fs : Merge VG variables] *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************

ok: [testservernick1]

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TASK [provision-fs : Merge LV variables] *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************

ok: [testservernick1]

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TASK [provision-fs : Merge FS variables] *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************

ok: [testservernick1]

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TASK [provision-fs : Merge MOUNT variables] **********************************************************************************************************************************************************************

ok: [testservernick1]

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TASK [provision-fs : Create VGs] *********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************

ok: [testservernick1] => (item={‘vg’: ‘vg_vmguest‘, ‘pvs‘: ‘/dev/sdb‘})

ok: [testservernick1] => (item={‘vg’: ‘vg_sl_storage‘, ‘pvs‘: ‘/dev/sdc‘})

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TASK [provision-fs : Create LVs] *********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************

ok: [testservernick1] => (item={‘vg’: ‘vg_vmguest‘, ‘lv’: ‘lv_vg_vmguest‘, ‘size’: ‘100%FREE’, ‘shrink’: False})

ok: [testservernick1] => (item={‘vg’: ‘vg_sl_storage‘, ‘lv’: ‘lv_vg_sl_storage‘, ‘size’: ‘100%FREE’, ‘shrink’: False})

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TASK [provision-fs : Create FSs] *********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************

ok: [testservernick1] => (item={‘dev’: ‘/dev/vg_vmguest/lv_vg_vmguest‘, ‘fstype‘: ‘ext4’})

ok: [testservernick1] => (item={‘dev’: ‘/dev/vg_sl_storage/lv_vg_sl_storage‘, ‘fstype‘: ‘ext4’})

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TASK [provision-fs : Mount FSs] **********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************

ok: [testservernick1] => (item={‘path’: ‘/vmguests‘, ‘src‘: ‘/dev/vg_vmguest/lv_vg_vmguest‘, ‘fstype‘: ‘ext4’})

ok: [testservernick1] => (item={‘path’: ‘/sl_storage‘, ‘src‘: ‘/dev/vg_sl_storage/lv_vg_sl_storage‘, ‘fstype‘: ‘ext4’})

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PLAY RECAP *******************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************

testservernick1 : ok=8    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0  

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February 28, 2022 Ansible, Diskstuff, Linux, Logical VolumesNo Comments »
| July 1, 2020

How to add a new SCSI LUN while server is Live

REDHAT/CENTOS:

In order to get wwn ids from a server:

• cat /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/device/fc_host\:host0/port_name
• cat /sys/class/scsi_host/host1/device/fc_host\:host1/port_name

Or:

• systool -av -cfc_host | grep port_name | awk ‘{ print $3 }’ | cut -d\” -f 2 | cut -dx -f 2

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1.To add a new SAN LUN while live:

Run this to find the new disks after you have added them to your VM

• rescan-scsi-bus.sh

Note: rescan-scsi-bus.sh is part of the sg3-utils package

2.Check that it has been found, will be mpath(something)
• multipath –l

# That’s it, unless you want to fix the name from mpath(something) to something else

1.Change the shortcut name

• vi /etc/multipath_bindings

 

2.Remove the default mpath device autogenerated
• multipath –f mpath(something)

# Go into the multipath consolde and re add the multipath device with your new shortcut name (nickdsk2 in this case)

• multipathd –k

• add map nickdsk2

Note: Not going to lie, sometimes you could do all this and still need a reboot, majority of the time this should work. But what do i know…haha

July 1, 2020 Centos, Diskstuff, Linux, SCSI StuffNo Comments »
| June 17, 2020

How to increase disk size on virtual scsi drive using gpart
1.Login to VMware vSphere Client and shutdown server VM guest.
2.Select VM Guest server and click “Edit virtual machine settings”. Virtual Machine Properties window will appear. Under “Hardware”, click Hard Disk 2 (which is /data partition) and edit provision size to 200 GB as shown in below screenshot.
Power ON VM guest after editing disk size.

vsphere

3.Take VM snapshot of VM guest.
4.Log on to VM Guest using SSH client, like PuTTy, with “root” user.
5.List the SCSI devices using command – cat /proc/scsi/scsi
disk7
6.Run following command to see the name of the partition
ls -d /sys/block/sd*/device/scsi_device/* |awk -F ‘[/]’ ‘{print $4,”- SCSI”,$7}’
disk8
7.Run following commands to confirm the size of the SCSI disk for which you have increased size in step 4 has been updated by the following steps
1.echo 1 > /sys/class/scsi_device/2\:0\:1\:0/device/rescan
2.fdisk -l | grep Disk
3.df -h
disk9_1
disk9_2
8.Stop cron and services using commands
service crond stop
9.Unmount “/data” partition using command — umount /data
Note: If you observe “Device is busy” error then make sure that your current session is not in /data partition.
10.Perform following steps to grow added disk space of /data partition based on partition type

For GPT partition type

In this case parted -l command will give below for “sdb” disk partition
*****************************************************
Model: VMware Virtual disk (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 215GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Number  Start   End    Size   File system  Name       Flags
1      1049kB  215GB  215GB  ext4         Linux LVM  lvm
*****************************************************

4.Execute command — gdisk /dev/sdb
5.Type “p” to print the partition
gpt_p
6.Type “d” to delete partition
gpt_d
7.Type “p” to check if partition is deleted
gpt_p1
8.Type “n” to create new partition
9.Type “1” as partition number
10.Press “Enter” twice
11.Type “8E00” as GUID
gpt_n
12.Type “p” to check newly added partition
gpt_p2
13.Type “w” to alter partition table
14.Type “Y” to continue
gpt_w
15.To mount /data partition run command – mount /data
16.To resize the file system run command – resize2fs /dev/sdb1 
17.To check increased disk space run command – df -h
gpt_df

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June 17, 2020 Centos, Diskstuff, Linux, SCSI Stuff, vmwareNo Comments »
| May 31, 2018

How to recover file system corruption on 4T LVM using DDrescue on a VM

How to recover file system corruption on 4T LVM on ubuntu using a VM

In this example we will be fixing a xfs filesystem that failed initial xfs_repair

If this happens don’t panic. We can fix most likely fix it.

Steps to do

• Increase vm memory to 32Gig of ram
• Add another disk that is the same size or even slightly larger as the lvm with the corrupted.
◦ Make sure you use a complete new datastore and that’s not being managed by DRS if your using vmware as this will be temporary.
• reboot the VM

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Create new physical volume, volume group and logical volume

• Create a new physical volume so that it can be added to a new volume group
◦ Fdisk -l (to find the disk)
◦ Pvcreate /dev/sdx  <- replace x with drive designation
• Create volume group
◦ Vgcreate recovery /dev/sdx < – use whatever drive designation was used in above step
• Create logical volume
• lvcreate -l 100%FREE -n data1 $VGNAME
◦ lvcreate -l 100%free -n data1 recovery <- example
◦ mkfs.xfs /dev/recovery/data1
• Mount the new lvm
◦ Mount /dev/recovery/data1 /mnt/recovery

Now install ddrescue and make image of the corrupted file system on the new logical volume

◦ sudo add-apt-repository universe
◦ sudo apt update
◦ sudo apt install gddrescue

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Make swap size 30gigs – this is needed so when we repair the filesystem it doesn’t time out because it runs out of memory. Which tends to be the problem when trying to repair such large filesystems.

◦ sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=30G count=2 <- move the /swapfile to a location where there enough room
◦ chmod 0600 /swapfile
◦ mkswap /swapfile
◦ swapon /swapfile
◦ swapon -s (should show the new swapfile)
Sample outputs
◦ Filename        Type    Size  Used  Priority
◦ /dev/sda5 partition  3998716  704  -1
◦ /swapfile file    2097148  0

Create rescue image on new logical volume

◦ ddrescue -d -r3 $oldfilesyetem imagefile.img loglocationpath.logfile

ddrescue -d -r3 /dev/recovery/data /mnt/recovery/recovery.img /mnt/recovery/recoverylog.logfile

◦ this will take awhile to run, probably hours

Once the file is created we want to repair it using xfs_repair

◦ xfs_repair -m 30000 /mnt/recovery/recovery.img
◦ this will also take awhile to run:

– agno = 29

– agno = 9

– agno = 10

– agno = 11

– agno = 12

– agno = 13

– agno = 14

– 20:02:48: check for inodes claiming duplicate blocks – 88951488 of 88951488 inodes done

Phase 5 – rebuild AG headers and trees…

– 20:02:57: rebuild AG headers and trees – 41 of 41 allocation groups done

– reset superblock…

Phase 6 – check inode connectivity…

– resetting contents of realtime bitmap and summary inodes

– traversing filesystem …

– traversal finished …

– moving disconnected inodes to lost+found …

Phase 7 – verify and correct link counts…

Done

◦ once complete you should be able to mount the image
◦ mount recovery.img /mnt/recovery/data1
◦ if successful it should mount under when you do df -h
◦ /dev/loop0 3.0T 1.2T 1.9T 38% /mnt/recovery/data1

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Written By Nick Tailor

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May 31, 2018 Centos, Diskstuff, Linux, RecoveryNo Comments »
| October 6, 2014

How to do a full restore if you wiped all your LVM’s

I’m sure some of you have had the wonderful opportunity to experience loosing all your LVM info in error. Well all is not lost and there is hope. I will show ya how to restore it.

The beauty of LVM is that is naturally creates a backup of the Logical Volumes in the following location.

  • /etc/lvm/archive/

Now If you had just wiped out your LVM and it was simply using one physical disk for all your LVM’s you could simply do a full restore doing the following.

      • vgcfgrestore -f /etc/lvm/archive/(volumegroup to restore) (destination volumegroup)
        o    (ie.)vgcfgrestore -f /etc/lvm/archive/vg_dev1_006.000001.vg vg_dev

If you had multiple disks attached to your volume group then you need to do a couple more things to be able to do a restore.

  • Cat the file /etc/lvm/archive/whatevervolumgroup.vg file you should see something like below
  • physical_volumes {

                        pv0 {

                                    id = “ecFWSM-OH8b-uuBB-NVcN-h97f-su1y-nX7jA9”
                                    device = “/dev/sdj”         # Hint only
                                    status = [“ALLOCATABLE”]
                                    flags = []
                                    dev_size = 524288000    # 250 Gigabytes
                                    pe_start = 2048
                                    pe_count = 63999          # 249.996 Gigabytes
                        }

 

You will need to recreate all the physical volume UUID inside that .vg file for volume group to be able to restore.

    • pvcreate –restore /etc/lvm/archive/vgfilename.vg –uuid <UUID> <DEVICE>

      o (IE) pvcreate –restorefile /etc/lvm/archive/vg_data_00122-1284284804.vg –uuid ecFWSM-OH8b-uuBB-NVcN-h97f-su1y-nX7jA9 /dev/sdj
  • Repeat this step for all the physical volumes in the archive vg file until they have all been created.

Once you have completed the above step you should now be able to restore your voluegroups that were wiped

    • vgcfgrestore -f /etc/lvm/archive/(volumegroup to restore) (destination volumegroup)

      o (ie.)vgcfgrestore -f /etc/lvm/archive/vg_dev1_006.000001.vg vg_dev
  • Running the command vgdisplay and pvdisplay should show you that everything is back the way it should be

If you have questions email nick@nicktailor.com

Cheers

 

October 6, 2014 Centos, Diskstuff, Linux, Logical VolumesNo Comments »
| August 6, 2014

How to setup NFS server on Centos 6.x

Setup NFS Server in CentOS / RHEL / Scientific Linux 6.3/6.4/6.5

1. Install NFS in Server

  • [root@server ~]# yum install nfs* -y

2. Start NFS service

  • [root@server ~]# /etc/init.d/nfs start

Starting NFS services:                                     [  OK  ]

Starting NFS mountd:                                       [  OK  ]

Stopping RPC idmapd:                                       [  OK  ]

Starting RPC idmapd:                                       [  OK  ]

Starting NFS daemon:                                       [  OK  ]

  • [root@server ~]# chkconfig nfs on

3. Install NFS in Client

  • [root@vpn client]# yum install nfs* -y

4. Start NFS service in client

  • [root@vpn client]# /etc/init.d/nfs start

Starting NFS services:                                     [  OK  ]

Starting NFS quotas:                                       [  OK  ]

Starting NFS mountd:                                       [  OK  ]

Stopping RPC idmapd:                                       [  OK  ]

Starting RPC idmapd:                                       [  OK  ]

Starting NFS daemon:                                       [  OK  ]

  • [root@vpn client]# chkconfig nfs on

5. Create shared directories in server

Let us create a shared directory called ‘/home/nicktailor’ in server and let the client users to read and write files in the ‘home/nicktailor’ directory.

  • [root@server ~]# mkdir /home/nicktailor
  • [root@server ~]# chmod 755 /home/nicktailor/

6. Export shared directory on server

Open /etc/exports file and add the entry as shown below

  • [root@server ~]# vi /etc/exports
  • add the following below
  • /home/nicktailor 192.168.1.0/24(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_all_squash)

where,

 /home/nicktailor  – shared directory

192.168.1.0/24      – IP address range of clients to access the shared folder

rw                          – Make the shared folder to be writable

sync                       – Synchronize shared directory whenever create new files/folders

no_root_squash   – Enable root privilege  (Users can read, write and delete the files in the shared directory)

no_all_squash     – Enable user’s authority

Now restart the NFS service.

  • [root@server ~]# /etc/init.d/nfs restart

Shutting down NFS daemon:                                  [  OK  ]

Shutting down NFS mountd:                                  [  OK  ]

Shutting down NFS services:                                [  OK  ]

Starting NFS services:                                     [  OK  ]

Starting NFS mountd:                                       [  OK  ]

Stopping RPC idmapd:                                       [  OK  ]

Starting RPC idmapd:                                       [  OK  ]

Starting NFS daemon:                                       [  OK  ]       –

7. Mount shared directories in client

Create a mount point to mount the shared directories of server.

To do that create a directory called ‘/nfs/shared’ (You can create your own mount point)

  • [root@vpn client]# mkdir -p /nfs/shared

Now mount the shared directories from server as shown below

  • [root@vpn client]# mount -t nfs 192.168.1.200:/home/nicktailor/ /nfs/shared/

This will take a while and shows a connection timed out error for me. Well, don’t panic, firewall might be restricting  the clients to mount shares from server. Simply stop the iptables to rectify the problem or you can allow the NFS service ports through iptables.

To do that open the /etc/sysconfig/nfs file and uncomment the lines which are marked in bold.

  • [root@server ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/nfs

#

# Define which protocol versions mountd 

# will advertise. The values are “no” or “yes”

# with yes being the default

#MOUNTD_NFS_V2=”no”

#MOUNTD_NFS_V3=”no”

#

#

# Path to remote quota server. See rquotad(8)

#RQUOTAD=”/usr/sbin/rpc.rquotad”

# Port rquotad should listen on.

RQUOTAD_PORT=875

# Optinal options passed to rquotad

#RPCRQUOTADOPTS=””

#

#

# Optional arguments passed to in-kernel lockd

#LOCKDARG=

# TCP port rpc.lockd should listen on.

LOCKD_TCPPORT=32803

# UDP port rpc.lockd should listen on.

LOCKD_UDPPORT=32769

#

#

# Optional arguments passed to rpc.nfsd. See rpc.nfsd(8)

# Turn off v2 and v3 protocol support

#RPCNFSDARGS=”-N 2 -N 3″

# Turn off v4 protocol support

#RPCNFSDARGS=”-N 4″

# Number of nfs server processes to be started.

# The default is 8. 

#RPCNFSDCOUNT=8

# Stop the nfsd module from being pre-loaded

#NFSD_MODULE=”noload”

# Set V4 grace period in seconds

#NFSD_V4_GRACE=90

#

#

#

# Optional arguments passed to rpc.mountd. See rpc.mountd(8)

#RPCMOUNTDOPTS=””

# Port rpc.mountd should listen on.

MOUNTD_PORT=892

#

#

# Optional arguments passed to rpc.statd. See rpc.statd(8)

#STATDARG=””

# Port rpc.statd should listen on.

STATD_PORT=662

# Outgoing port statd should used. The default is port

# is random

STATD_OUTGOING_PORT=2020

# Specify callout program 

#STATD_HA_CALLOUT=”/usr/local/bin/foo”

#

#

# Optional arguments passed to rpc.idmapd. See rpc.idmapd(8)

#RPCIDMAPDARGS=””

#

# Set to turn on Secure NFS mounts. 

#SECURE_NFS=”yes”

# Optional arguments passed to rpc.gssd. See rpc.gssd(8)

#RPCGSSDARGS=””

# Optional arguments passed to rpc.svcgssd. See rpc.svcgssd(8)

#RPCSVCGSSDARGS=””

#

# To enable RDMA support on the server by setting this to

# the port the server should listen on

#RDMA_PORT=20049

Now restart the NFS service

  • [root@server ~]# /etc/init.d/nfs restart

Shutting down NFS daemon:                                  [  OK  ]

Shutting down NFS mountd:                                  [  OK  ]

Shutting down NFS services:                                [  OK  ]

Starting NFS services:                                     [  OK  ]

Starting NFS mountd:                                       [  OK  ]

Stopping RPC idmapd:                                       [  OK  ]

Starting RPC idmapd:                                       [  OK  ]

Starting NFS daemon:                                       [  OK  ]

Add the lines shown in bold in  ‘/etc/sysconfig/iptables’ file.

  • [root@server ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables

# Firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall

# Manual customization of this file is not recommended.

*filter

-A INPUT -m state –state NEW -m udp -p udp –dport 2049 -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -m state –state NEW -m tcp -p tcp –dport 2049 -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -m state –state NEW -m udp -p udp –dport 111 -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -m state –state NEW -m tcp -p tcp –dport 111 -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -m state –state NEW -m udp -p udp –dport 32769 -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -m state –state NEW -m tcp -p tcp –dport 32803 -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -m state –state NEW -m udp -p udp –dport 892 -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -m state –state NEW -m tcp -p tcp –dport 892 -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -m state –state NEW -m udp -p udp –dport 875 -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -m state –state NEW -m tcp -p tcp –dport 875 -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -m state –state NEW -m udp -p udp –dport 662 -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -m state –state NEW -m tcp -p tcp –dport 662 -j ACCEPT

:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]

:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]

:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]

-A INPUT -m state –state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -m state –state NEW -m tcp -p tcp –dport 22 -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -j REJECT –reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

-A FORWARD -j REJECT –reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

COMMIT

Now restart the iptables service

[root@server ~]# service iptables restart

iptables: Flushing firewall rules:                         [  OK  ]

iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter          [  OK  ]

iptables: Unloading modules:                               [  OK  ]

iptables: Applying firewall rules:                         [  OK  ]

Again mount the share from client

  • [root@vpn client]# mount -t nfs 192.168.1.200:/home/nicktailor/ /nfs/shared/

Finally the NFS share is mounted without any connection timed out error.

To verify whether the shared directory is mounted, enter the mount command in client system.

  • [root@vpn client]# mount

/dev/mapper/vg_vpn-lv_root on / type ext4 (rw)

proc on /proc type proc (rw)

sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)

devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)

tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,rootcontext=”system_u:object_r:tmpfs_t:s0″)

/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext4 (rw)

none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)

sunrpc on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw)

nfsd on /proc/fs/nfsd type nfsd (rw)

192.168.1.200:/home/ostechnix/ on /nfs/shared type nfs (rw,vers=4,addr=192.168.1.200,clientaddr=192.168.1.29)

8. Testing NFS

Now create some files or folders in the ‘/nfs/shared’ directory which we mounted in the previous step.

  • [root@vpn shared]# mkdir test
  • [root@vpn shared]# touch file1 file2 file3

Now go to the server and change to the ‘/home/nicktailor’ directory.

[root@server ~]# cd /home/nicktailor/

  • [root@server nicktailor]# ls

file1  file2  file3  test

  • [root@server nicktailor]#

Now the files and directories are listed which are created from the client. Also you can share the files from server to client and vice versa.

9. Automount the Shares

If you want to mount the shares automatically instead mounting them manually at every reboot, add the following lines shown in bold in the ‘/etc/fstab’ file of client system.

  • [root@vpn client]# vi /etc/fstab 

#

# /etc/fstab

# Created by anaconda on Wed Feb 27 15:35:14 2013

#

# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under ‘/dev/disk’

# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info

#

/dev/mapper/vg_vpn-lv_root /                       ext4    defaults        1 1

UUID=59411b1a-d116-4e52-9382-51ff6e252cfb /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2

/dev/mapper/vg_vpn-lv_swap swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0

192.168.1.200:/home/nicktailor/nfs/sharednfsrw,sync,hard,intr0 0

10. Verify the Shares

Reboot your client system and verify whether the share is mounted automatically or not.

  • [root@vpn client]# mount

/dev/mapper/vg_vpn-lv_root on / type ext4 (rw)

proc on /proc type proc (rw)

sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)

devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)

tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,rootcontext=”system_u:object_r:tmpfs_t:s0″)

/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext4 (rw)

none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)

sunrpc on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw)

192.168.1.200:/home/nicktailor on /nfs/shared type nfs (rw,sync,hard,intr,vers=4,addr=192.168.1.200,clientaddr=192.168.1.29)

nfsd on /proc/fs/nfsd type nfsd (rw)

 

August 6, 2014 Centos, Diskstuff, LinuxNo Comments »
| May 28, 2014

How to move off san boot to local disk with HP servers

How to move off san boot to local disk
===========================
1. add the disks to the server
next do a rescan-scsi-bus.sh to see if the new disks show up

2. Setup the Raid controler f8 (hp)
3. Boot off of system rescue cd
4. find the new drive, use fdisk -l 
5. copy partition over using dd and reboot to see new parition table

Examples:

  • dd if=/dev/mapper/3600508b4000618d90000e0000b8f0000 of=/dev/sda bs=1M
    or 
  • dd if=/dev/sdar of=/dev/cciss/c0d0 bs=1M

reboot unpresent the SAN’s from virtual connect or whatever storage interface your using.
You need to have the boot from san volumes disabled in VCEM

6. make new swap using cfdisk and then run

  • mkswap /dev/cciss/c0d0p9  (This controller0 drive0 Parititon 9) 
  • The size of the swap partition will vary, I used 32000M when i created it in cfdisk, you are free to use fdisk to do this also.

7. now you need to mount / to a directory, so make a empty directory

  • mkdir /mnt/root
    and mount it, examples below
    mount /dev/sda6 /mnt/root or mount /dev/cciss/c0d0p6 /mnt/root

9. fix the fstab (cfdisk works great for this if your system rescue disk)

  • vi /mnt/root/etc/fstab
  • change /dev/mapper/mpath0p* to cciss/c0d0*
  • comment out the swap volume
  • add new swap (/dev/cciss/c0d0p9)

10. next fix vi /mnt/root/etc/multipath.conf

  • uncomment: devnode “^cciss!c[0-9]d[0-9]*”
  • for EMC add:

device {
vendor “EMC”
product “Invista”
product_blacklist “LUNZ”
getuid_callout “/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s /block/%n”
features “0”
hardware_handler “0”
path_selector “round-robin 0”
path_grouping_policy multibus
rr_weight uniform
no_path_retry 5
rr_min_io 1000
path_checker tur
}

11. next mount the boot parition

Examples

  • mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/root/boot
    or 
  • mount /dev/cciss/c0d0p1 /mnt/root/boot

12. edit grub.conf

  • vi /mnt/root/boot/grub.conf
  • change /dev/mapper/mpath0p* to /dev/sda*
    or 
  • change /dev/mapper/mpath0p* to /dev/cciss/c0d0

13. edit device.map

  • vi /mnt/root/boot/device.map
  • change /dev/mapper/mpath0 to /dev/sda
    or 
  • change /dev/mapper/mpath0 to /dev/cciss/c0d0

14. fix the initrd

  • zcat /mnt/root/boot/initrd-2.6.18-3……. | cpio -i -d
  • edit the file ‘init’
  • change mkrootdev line to /dev/cciss/c0d0p6 (this is the is / partition)
  • change resume line to /dev/cciss/c0d0p9 (this is the new swap partition)

15. Make a backup of the new partition

  • mv /mnt/root/boot/initrd-2.6.18-…. /mnt/root/boot/initrd-2.6.18-……backup

16. recompress the new initrd

  • find . | cpio -o -H newc |gzip -9 > /mnt/root/boot/initrd-2.6.18-348.2.1.el5.img

17. upon reboot, change the boot order in the bios settings to use the hp smart array controller

18. You may need to create a new inird using the redhat linux distro if the initrd doesnt boot.

  • chroot to /mnt/sysimage for /
  • then go to the boot parition and
  • mkinitrd -f -v initrd-2.6.18-53.1.4.el5.img 2.6.18-53.1.4.el5

19. reboot

 

 

 

 

May 28, 2014 Centos, Diskstuff, Linux, San boot to local disksNo Comments »
0