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How to deploy windows firewall rules with Ansible

| August 5, 2022
• This role enable the windows firewall for all 3 profiles (Domain, Private, Public)
• You can deploy rules via profile or globally using defaults, group_vars and host_vars
• You also can set outbound rules for windows programs

How to use this role:

1.You must first download the git repository into your roles directory usually ansible/role/

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2.Now you want edit the hosts.client file name file or create it if it doesn’t exist under your “ansible/inventory/dev:staging:prod” directory. This is a good way to separate environments with ansible, inside each environment you should have a hosts.file like indicated below.

Example file: hosts.dev, hosts.staging, hosts.prod

b.Put your server under the appropriate group inside the file and save
i.devops.nicktailor.win ansible_host=192.168.90.10

Note: If there is no group simply list the server outside grouping, the –limit flag will pick it

up.

3.Now inside this directory you should see hosts & host_vars, group_vars

Note: If you do not create a group_var/groupfile or host_var/server file. Then the default/main.yml rules are implemented by this role, you can update this file to have whichever defaults you like and they can be overridden at the group_var and host_var level, should you need to.

Descriptions:

c.Hosts. – is where you will list your servers under specific groups which tell the playbook (what the server is, if it the server should have a specific task run on it, and how to find it)
d.Host_vars – Inside this directory is where you list the server by name which is you will list under hosts. Inside these files you pass variable parameters to the specific roles when running your playbook. Without these the playbook cant do the tasks you want it to.
e.Group_vars – Are how a way to group variables for sets of servers and this keeps code cleaners and easier to manage.

Operational Use:

4.Move inside host_var
f.cd host_var
g.create a file called {{ servername }} and save it for us its devops.nicktailor.win

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5.Now inside this directory you should see hosts & host_vars, group_vars

Descriptions:

h.Hosts. – is where you will list your servers under specific groups which tell the playbook (what the server is, if it the server should have a specific task run on it, and how to find it)
i.Host_vars – Inside this directory is where you list the server by name which is you will list under hosts. Inside these files you pass variable parameters to the specific roles when running your playbook. Without these the playbook cant do the tasks you want it to.
j.Group_vars – Are how a way to group variables for sets of servers and this keeps code cleaners and easier to manage.

Operational Use:

6.Move inside host_var
k.cd host_var
l.create a file called {{ servername }} and save it for us its devops.nicktailor.win

Okay now here is where VSC is handy. You want to connect your visual studio code to the management server under your user. I have provided a link which shows you how to setup your keys and get VSC working with it.

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Note: You don’t have to use VSC you can use good old nano or vim, but it’s a pain. Up to you.

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defaults/main.yml – this file is the default rules it will apply if you do not add any other rules currently

—

# defaults file for windows_firewall

win_fw_prefix: “Ansible-Created-Rule”

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win_fw_ports_allow_in:

  – localport: 53,

    profile: public

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  – localport: 123,

    profile: public

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win_fw_web_ports:

  – localport: 80,

    profile: public

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  – localport: 443,

    profile: public

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  – localport: 8080,

    profile: public

    

win_fw_program_allowed_web_out_public:

  – ‘microsoftupdate.exe’

..

Running your playbook:

1.You must run your play book from inside parent directory always “ansible”
2.Now there is a playbook called nickfirewall.yml in the ansible directory which simply calls the windows-firewall role inside the roles directory.

Example: of ansible/ nickfirewall.yml

– hosts: all

  gather_facts: yes

  any_errors_fatal: true

  roles:

    – role: ansible-windows-firewall

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Command:

ansible-playbook –i inventory/dev/hosts nickfirewall.yml ––limit=’devops.nicktailor.win‘

• -i : This flag tells ansibe-playbook command which hosts file to use, these are always defined by environment like hosts.dev or hosts.staging
• -u : this is the ssh_user you will be connecting to the servers with
• -Kkb : this tells ansible that you will be using sudo su – for the ssh_user when running all role/tasks
• -ask-beocme : is saying become root
• -limit=’server’ : this allows you to segement which server you want to run the playbook against.

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Successful example run of the book:

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[aflred@batcave.ansible]$ ansible-playbook –i hosts/dev nickfirewall.yml –limit=’devops.nicktailor.win‘

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PLAY [all] ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************

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TASK [Gathering Facts] ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************

ok: [devops.nicktailor.win]

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TASK [windows_firewall : Enable firewall for Domain, Public and Private profiles] ****************************************************************************************************

ok: [devops.nicktailor.win]

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TASK [windows_firewall : Firewall | WebServer System Any Profile] ********************************************************************************************************************

ok: [devops.nicktailor.win] => (item={‘description’: ‘IGMP messages are sent and received by nodes to create, join and depart multicast groups.’, ‘direction’: ‘in’, ‘icmp_type_code‘: ‘Any’, ‘localport‘: ‘Any’, ‘name’: ‘CoreNet-IGMP-In’, ‘protocol’: ‘2’, ‘remoteip‘: ‘Any’})

ok: [devops.nicktailor.win] => (item={‘description’: ‘IGMP messages are sent and received by nodes to create, join and depart multicast groups.’, ‘direction’: ‘out’, ‘icmp_type_code‘: ‘Any’, ‘localport‘: ‘Any’, ‘name’: ‘CoreNet-IGMP-Out’, ‘protocol’: ‘2’, ‘remoteip‘: ‘Any’})

ok: [devops.nicktailor.win] => (item={‘description’: ‘Inbound rule required to permit IPv6 traffic for ISATAP (Intra-Site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol) and 6to4 tunneling services.’, ‘direction’: ‘in’, ‘icmp_type_code‘: ‘Any’, ‘localport‘: ‘Any’, ‘name’: ‘CoreNet-IPv6-In’, ‘protocol’: ’41’, ‘remoteip‘: ‘Any’})

ok: [devops.nicktailor.win] => (item={‘description’: ‘Outbound rule required to permit IPv6 traffic for ISATAP (Intra-Site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol) and 6to4 tunneling services.’, ‘direction’: ‘out’, ‘icmp_type_code‘: ‘Any’, ‘localport‘: ‘Any’, ‘name’: ‘CoreNet-IPv6-Out’, ‘protocol’: ’41’, ‘remoteip‘: ‘Any’})

ok: [devops.nicktailor.win] => (item={‘description’: ‘An inbound rule to allow HTTPS traffic for Internet Information Services (IIS) [TCP 443]’, ‘direction’: ‘in’, ‘icmp_type_code‘: ‘Any’, ‘localport‘: ‘443’, ‘name’: ‘IIS-WebServerRole-HTTPS-In-TCP’, ‘protocol’: ‘TCP’, ‘remoteip‘: ‘Any’})

ok: [devops.nicktailor.win] => (item={‘description’: ‘Inbound rule to allow SMB traffic to manage the File Services role.’, ‘direction’: ‘in’, ‘icmp_type_code‘: ‘Any’, ‘localport‘: ‘445’, ‘name’: ‘FileServer–ServerManager-SMB-TCP-In’, ‘protocol’: ‘TCP’, ‘remoteip‘: ‘Any’})

ok: [devops.nicktailor.win] => (item={‘description’: ‘An inbound rule to allow HTTP traffic for Internet Information Services (IIS) [TCP 80]’, ‘direction’: ‘in’, ‘icmp_type_code‘: ‘Any’, ‘localport‘: ’80’, ‘name’: ‘IIS-WebServerRole-HTTP-In-TCP’, ‘protocol’: ‘TCP’, ‘remoteip‘: ‘Any’})

ok: [devops.nicktailor.win] => (item={‘description’: ‘Inbound TCP rule to allow IPHTTPS tunneling technology to provide connectivity across HTTP proxies and firewalls.’, ‘direction’: ‘in’, ‘icmp_type_code‘: ‘Any’, ‘localport‘: ‘IPHTTPSIn‘, ‘name’: ‘CoreNet-IPHTTPS-In’, ‘protocol’: ‘TCP’, ‘remoteip‘: ‘Any’})

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TASK [windows_firewall : Firewall | allow incoming ports] ****************************************************************************************************************************

ok: [devops.nicktailor.win] => (item={‘localport‘: 53, ‘profile’: ‘public’})

ok: [devops.nicktailor.win] => (item={‘localport‘: 123, ‘profile’: ‘public’})

ok: [devops.nicktailor.win] => (item={‘localport‘: 80, ‘profile’: ‘public’})

ok: [devops.nicktailor.win] => (item={‘localport‘: 443, ‘profile’: ‘public’})

ok: [devops.nicktailor.win] => (item={‘localport‘: 8080, ‘profile’: ‘public’})

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TASK [windows_firewall : Firewall | allow outgoing program] **************************************************************************************************************************

ok: [devops.nicktailor.win] => (item=microsoftupdate.exe)

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PLAY RECAP ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************

devops.nicktailor.win       : ok=5    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

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August 5, 2022 Ansible, windowsNo Comments »

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